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  1. Braeckman, J.: ¬The integration of library information into a campus wide information system (1996) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Discusses the development of Campus Wide Information Systems with reference to the work of Leuven University Library. A 4th phase can now be distinguished in the evolution of CWISs as they evolve towards Intranets. WWW technology is applied to organise a consistent interface to different types of information, databases and services within an institution. WWW servers now exist via which queries and query results are translated from the Web environment to the specific database query language and vice versa. The integration of Java will enable programs to be executed from within the Web environment. Describes each phase of CWIS development at KU Leuven
  2. Chang, S.-F.; Smith, J.R.; Meng, J.: Efficient techniques for feature-based image / video access and manipulations (1997) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Describes 2 research projects aimed at studying the parallel issues of image and video indexing, information retrieval and manipulation: VisualSEEK, a content based image query system and a Java based WWW application supporting localised colour and spatial similarity retrieval; and CVEPS (Compressed Video Editing and Parsing System) which supports video manipulation with indexing support of individual frames from VisualSEEK and a hierarchical new video browsing and indexing system. In both media forms, these systems address the problem of heterogeneous unconstrained collections
  3. Lo, M.L.: Recent strategies for retrieving chemical structure information on the Web (1997) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Discusses various structural searching methods available on the Web. some databases such as the Brookhaven Protein Database use keyword searching which does not provide the desired substructure search capabilities. Others like CS ChemFinder and MDL's Chemscape use graphical plug in programs. Although plug in programs provide more capabilities, users first have to obtain a copy of the programs. Due to this limitation, Tripo's WebSketch and ACD Interactive Lab adopt a different approach. Using JAVA applets, users create and display a structure query of the molecule on the web page without using other software. The new technique is likely to extend itself to other electronic publications
  4. Kirschenbaum, M.: Documenting digital images : textual meta-data at the Blake Archive (1998) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Describes the work undertaken by the Wiliam Blake Archive, Virginia University, to document the metadata tools for handling digital images of illustrations accompanying Blake's work. Images are encoded in both JPEG and TIFF formats. Image Documentation (ID) records are slotted into that portion of the JPEG file reserved for textual metadata. Because the textual content of the ID record now becomes part of the image file itself, the documentary metadata travels with the image even it it is downloaded from one file to another. The metadata is invisible when viewing the image but becomes accessible to users via the 'info' button on the control panel of the Java applet
  5. Priss, U.: ¬A graphical interface for conceptually navigating faceted thesauri (1998) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    This paper describes a graphical interface for the navigation and construction of faceted thesauri that is based on formal concept analysis. Each facet of a thesaurus is represented as a mathematical lattice that is further subdivided into components. Users can graphically navigate through the Java implementation of the interface by clicking on terms that connect facets and components. Since there are many applications for thesauri in the knowledge representation field, such a graphical interface has the potential of being very useful
  6. Renehan, E.J.: Science on the Web : a connoisseur's guide to over 500 of the best, most useful, and most fun science Websites (1996) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Written by the author of the best-selling 1001 really cool Web sites, this fun and informative book enables readers to take full advantage of the Web. More than a mere directory, it identifies and describes the best sites, guiding surfers to such innovations as VRML3-D and Java. Aside from downloads of Web browsers, Renehan points the way to free compilers and interpreters as well as free online access to major scientific journals
  7. Friedrich, M.; Schimkat, R.-D.; Küchlin, W.: Information retrieval in distributed environments based on context-aware, proactive documents (2002) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    In this position paper we propose a document-centric middleware component called Living Documents to support context-aware information retrieval in distributed communities. A Living Document acts as a micro server for a document which contains computational services, a semi-structured knowledge repository to uniformly store and access context-related information, and finally the document's digital content. Our initial prototype of Living Documents is based an the concept of mobile agents and implemented in Java and XML.
  8. Hancock, B.; Giarlo, M.J.: Moving to XML : Latin texts XML conversion project at the Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities (2001) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    The delivery of documents on the Web has moved beyond the restrictions of the traditional Web markup language, HTML. HTML's static tags cannot deal with the variety of data formats now beginning to be exchanged between various entities, whether corporate or institutional. XML solves many of the problems by allowing arbitrary tags, which describe the content for a particular audience or group. At the Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities the Latin texts of Lector Longinquus are being transformed to XML in readiness for the expected new standard. To allow existing browsers to render these texts, a Java program is used to transform the XML to HTML on the fly.
  9. Calishain, T.; Dornfest, R.: Google hacks : 100 industrial-strength tips and tools (2003) 0.07 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: nfd - Information Wissenschaft und Praxis 54(2003) H.4, S.253 (D. Lewandowski): "Mit "Google Hacks" liegt das bisher umfassendste Werk vor, das sich ausschließlich an den fortgeschrittenen Google-Nutzer wendet. Daher wird man in diesem Buch auch nicht die sonst üblichen Anfänger-Tips finden, die Suchmaschinenbücher und sonstige Anleitungen zur Internet-Recherche für den professionellen Nutzer in der Regel uninteressant machen. Mit Tara Calishain hat sich eine Autorin gefunden, die bereits seit nahezu fünf Jahren einen eigenen Suchmaschinen-Newsletter (www.researchbuzz.com) herausgibt und als Autorin bzw. Co-Autorin einige Bücher zum Thema Recherche verfasst hat. Für die Programmbeispiele im Buch ist Rael Dornfest verantwortlich. Das erste Kapitel ("Searching Google") gibt einen Einblick in erweiterte Suchmöglichkeiten und Spezifika der behandelten Suchmaschine. Dabei wird der Rechercheansatz der Autorin klar: die beste Methode sei es, die Zahl der Treffer selbst so weit einzuschränken, dass eine überschaubare Menge übrig bleibt, die dann tatsächlich gesichtet werden kann. Dazu werden die feldspezifischen Suchmöglichkeiten in Google erläutert, Tips für spezielle Suchen (nach Zeitschriftenarchiven, technischen Definitionen, usw.) gegeben und spezielle Funktionen der Google-Toolbar erklärt. Bei der Lektüre fällt positiv auf, dass auch der erfahrene Google-Nutzer noch Neues erfährt. Einziges Manko in diesem Kapitel ist der fehlende Blick über den Tellerrand: zwar ist es beispielsweise möglich, mit Google eine Datumssuche genauer als durch das in der erweiterten Suche vorgegebene Auswahlfeld einzuschränken; die aufgezeigte Lösung ist jedoch ausgesprochen umständlich und im Recherchealltag nur eingeschränkt zu gebrauchen. Hier fehlt der Hinweis, dass andere Suchmaschinen weit komfortablere Möglichkeiten der Einschränkung bieten. Natürlich handelt es sich bei dem vorliegenden Werk um ein Buch ausschließlich über Google, trotzdem wäre hier auch ein Hinweis auf die Schwächen hilfreich gewesen. In späteren Kapiteln werden durchaus auch alternative Suchmaschinen zur Lösung einzelner Probleme erwähnt. Das zweite Kapitel widmet sich den von Google neben der klassischen Websuche angebotenen Datenbeständen. Dies sind die Verzeichniseinträge, Newsgroups, Bilder, die Nachrichtensuche und die (hierzulande) weniger bekannten Bereichen Catalogs (Suche in gedruckten Versandhauskatalogen), Froogle (eine in diesem Jahr gestartete Shopping-Suchmaschine) und den Google Labs (hier werden von Google entwickelte neue Funktionen zum öffentlichen Test freigegeben). Nachdem die ersten beiden Kapitel sich ausführlich den Angeboten von Google selbst gewidmet haben, beschäftigt sich das Buch ab Kapitel drei mit den Möglichkeiten, die Datenbestände von Google mittels Programmierungen für eigene Zwecke zu nutzen. Dabei werden einerseits bereits im Web vorhandene Programme vorgestellt, andererseits enthält das Buch viele Listings mit Erläuterungen, um eigene Applikationen zu programmieren. Die Schnittstelle zwischen Nutzer und der Google-Datenbank ist das Google-API ("Application Programming Interface"), das es den registrierten Benutzern erlaubt, täglich bis zu 1.00o Anfragen über ein eigenes Suchinterface an Google zu schicken. Die Ergebnisse werden so zurückgegeben, dass sie maschinell weiterverarbeitbar sind. Außerdem kann die Datenbank in umfangreicherer Weise abgefragt werden als bei einem Zugang über die Google-Suchmaske. Da Google im Gegensatz zu anderen Suchmaschinen in seinen Benutzungsbedingungen die maschinelle Abfrage der Datenbank verbietet, ist das API der einzige Weg, eigene Anwendungen auf Google-Basis zu erstellen. Ein eigenes Kapitel beschreibt die Möglichkeiten, das API mittels unterschiedlicher Programmiersprachen wie PHP, Java, Python, usw. zu nutzen. Die Beispiele im Buch sind allerdings alle in Perl geschrieben, so dass es sinnvoll erscheint, für eigene Versuche selbst auch erst einmal in dieser Sprache zu arbeiten.
    Das sechste Kapitel enthält 26 Anwendungen des Google-APIs, die teilweise von den Autoren des Buchs selbst entwickelt wurden, teils von anderen Autoren ins Netz gestellt wurden. Als besonders nützliche Anwendungen werden unter anderem der Touchgraph Google Browser zur Visualisierung der Treffer und eine Anwendung, die eine Google-Suche mit Abstandsoperatoren erlaubt, vorgestellt. Auffällig ist hier, dass die interessanteren dieser Applikationen nicht von den Autoren des Buchs programmiert wurden. Diese haben sich eher auf einfachere Anwendungen wie beispielsweise eine Zählung der Treffer nach der Top-Level-Domain beschränkt. Nichtsdestotrotz sind auch diese Anwendungen zum großen Teil nützlich. In einem weiteren Kapitel werden pranks and games ("Streiche und Spiele") vorgestellt, die mit dem Google-API realisiert wurden. Deren Nutzen ist natürlich fragwürdig, der Vollständigkeit halber mögen sie in das Buch gehören. Interessanter wiederum ist das letzte Kapitel: "The Webmaster Side of Google". Hier wird Seitenbetreibern erklärt, wie Google arbeitet, wie man Anzeigen am besten formuliert und schaltet, welche Regeln man beachten sollte, wenn man seine Seiten bei Google plazieren will und letztlich auch, wie man Seiten wieder aus dem Google-Index entfernen kann. Diese Ausführungen sind sehr knapp gehalten und ersetzen daher keine Werke, die sich eingehend mit dem Thema Suchmaschinen-Marketing beschäftigen. Allerdings sind die Ausführungen im Gegensatz zu manch anderen Büchern zum Thema ausgesprochen seriös und versprechen keine Wunder in Bezug auf eine Plazienung der eigenen Seiten im Google-Index. "Google Hacks" ist auch denjenigen zu empfehlen, die sich nicht mit der Programmierung mittels des APIs beschäftigen möchten. Dadurch, dass es die bisher umfangreichste Sammlung von Tips und Techniken für einen gezielteren Umgang mit Google darstellt, ist es für jeden fortgeschrittenen Google-Nutzer geeignet. Zwar mögen einige der Hacks einfach deshalb mit aufgenommen worden sein, damit insgesamt die Zahl von i00 erreicht wird. Andere Tips bringen dafür klar erweiterte Möglichkeiten bei der Recherche. Insofern hilft das Buch auch dabei, die für professionelle Bedürfnisse leider unzureichende Abfragesprache von Google ein wenig auszugleichen." - Bergische Landeszeitung Nr.207 vom 6.9.2003, S.RAS04A/1 (Rundschau am Sonntag: Netzwelt) von P. Zschunke: Richtig googeln (s. dort)
  10. Mendelsohn, J.: Human help at OPAC terminals is user friendly : a preliminary study (1994) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Reports research, conducted on the UTLink online catalogue at Toronto University Library, aimed at examining the provision of library staff assistance to users of OPACs. The study identified a significant change in the demand for service when there was a change from offering traditional 'from the desk' help to 'point of use' help at the OPAC terminals. The kind of help most given by librarians was procedural: a frequent problem being how to deal with information overload. Results suggest that while it is important to continue to improve the technology there remains an ongoing need for human support. Research into human help is supportive of library practice, which values the provision of high quality services to users who are not yet self sufficient on OPACs
  11. White, F.: ¬An evaluation of online help for the NOTIS OPAC (1994) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    In order to evaluate the features and functionality of the online help system for the NOTIS (version 5.1) OPAC. a set of performance enhancing features were gathered from a review of research studies of online help systems, 25 features were identified and organized into 4 categories: user training, interface; access to system commands; and massage content and display. The evaluation revealed that the NOTIS online help system fared poorly in user training features, fared well in user interface; was substandard in access to system commands, and moderately well in message content and display. Concludes that the NOTIS help system is probably no better and no worse than that of other library systems but is adequate
  12. Bieselin, T.-B.: Zielgruppenorientierte Websites für Bibliotheken Entwicklung von Internetangeboten auf der Grundlage von Nutzungsszenarien (2004) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Zur Erreichung einer für den Besucher optimal ausgerichteten Website sind wesentliche Aufgaben bereits in der Vorbereitungsphase zu erarbeiten, unter anderem Zielgruppenermittlung, Bedürfnisfeststellung sowie Strukturierung des Angebots. Eine gute oder auch weniger gelungene Umsetzung dieser Kriterien kann an Beispielen aus der Praxis am Besten veranschaulicht werden. Um eine ungefähre Vergleichbarkeit der Angebote zu erhalten, sind im Folgenden nur die Seiten von Öffentlichen Bibliotheken gleicher Größenklasse nach Bix verwendet worden, und zwar der Klasse 4 (15 000 bis 30 000 Einwohner). Hier ist die Notwendigkeit einer allgemeinen Verbesserung des virtuellen Angebots am meisten gegeben.
    Content
    Mit einer Übersicht zu Usability-Kriterien: Ten Usability Heuristics I. Visibility ofsystem status The system should always keep users informed about what is going on, through appropriate feedback within reasonable time. II. Match between system and the real world The system should speak the users' language, with words, phrases and concepts familiar to the user, rather than system-oriented terms. Follow real-world conventions, making information appear in a natural and logical order. III. User control and freedom Users often choose system functions by mistake and will need a clearly marked »emergency extra to leave the unwanted state without having to go through an extended dialogue. Support undo and redo. IV. Consistency and standards Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or actions mean the same thing. Follow platform conventions. V. Error prevention Even better than good error messages is a careful design which prevents a problem from occurring in the first place. VI. Recognition rather than recall Make objects, actions, and options visible. The user should not have to remember information from one Part of the dialogue to another. Instructions for use of the system should be visible or easily retrievable whenever appropriate. VII. Flexibility and efficiency of use Accelerators - unseen by the novice user- may often speed up the interaction for the expert user such that the system can cater to both inexperienced and experienced users. Allow users to tailor frequent actions. VIII. Aesthetic and minimalist design Dialogues should not contain information which is irrelevant or rarely needed. Every extra unit of information in a dialogue competes with the relevant units of information and diminishes their relative visibility. IX. Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors Error messages should be expressed in plain language (no codes), precisely indicate the problem, and constructively suggest a solution. X. Help and documentation Even though it is better if the system can be used without documentation, it may be necessary to provide help and documentation. Any such information should be easy to search, focused an the user's task, list concrete steps to be carried out, and not be too large.
  13. Heckner, M.: Tagging, rating, posting : studying forms of user contribution for web-based information management and information retrieval (2009) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    Die Entstehung von Social Software ermöglicht es Nutzern, in großem Umfang im Netz zu publizieren. Bisher liegen aber nur wenige empirische Befunde zu funktionalen Eigenschaften sowie Qualitätsaspekten von Nutzerbeiträgen im Kontext von Informationsmanagement und Information Retrieval vor. Diese Arbeit diskutiert grundlegende Partizipationsformen, präsentiert empirische Studien über Social Tagging, Blogbeiträge sowie Relevanzbeurteilungen und entwickelt Design und Implementierung einer "sozialen" Informationsarchitektur für ein partizipatives Onlinehilfesystem.
    Classification
    AN 96800 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationsvermittlung, Informationsplanung / Bewertung, Effizienz, Qualität
    Content
    The Web of User Contribution - Foundations and Principles of the Social Web - Social Tagging - Rating and Filtering of Digital Resources Empirical Analysisof User Contributions - The Functional and Linguistic Structure of Tags - A Comparative Analysis of Tags for Different Digital Resource Types - Exploring Relevance Assessments in Social IR Systems - Exploring User Contribution Within a Higher Education Scenario - Summary of Empirical Results and Implications for Designing Social Information Systems User Contribution for a Participative Information System - Social Information Architecture for an Online Help System
    RVK
    AN 96800 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationsvermittlung, Informationsplanung / Bewertung, Effizienz, Qualität
  14. Lim, A.: User perception of help features in library automation systems (1996) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    Describes the creation and results of a questionnaire survey of cataloguers in 6 Singapore academic and national libraries and of their vendor helpdesk staff to evaluate the help systems of library automation systems, with particular emphasis on the cataloguing function. Describes the structure of the questionnaire; the methodology used to analyse the data; the profile of the respondents and the systems used by them; and the implications of the statistical results. Functionalities for the following help features were surveyed: getting in and out of the help systems; selecting a relevant topic; formulating queries; searching of information; completeness and comprehensiveness of the help system; navigation to other topics; applying information to solve problems; and data entry and authority control in cataloguing tasks. Data analysis identified 27 preferred features which could be taken into account in the product development of online help systems
  15. Holbert, S.: How to index Windows-based online help (2000) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    Today, more and more software packages come with online documentation. Some have complete manuals as well. Others have basic documentation on paper and more advanced information online. I recently purchased a computer that came with 20 software programs and not one page of written documentation. More and more, users have to find information by searching online. Most documentation teams focus on writing and ignore the problems of information retrieval, making information in printed documents difficult to find, and online information impossible to find. With online Help, you cannot browse the documentation. You cannot even browse more than a couple of inches of the index at a time. If online users do not get superb guidance into the jungle of online Help, they go away like the hero of Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, saying "Oh, the horror! The horror!" How does an online Help index work? The following examples are based on the Windows 95 Help-type system, but do not represent actual Help screens
  16. Harter, S.P.; Cheng, Y.-R.: Colinked descriptors : improving vocabulary selection for end-user searching (1996) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    This article introduces a new concept and technique for information retrieval called 'colinked descriptors'. Borrowed from an analogous idea in bibliometrics - cocited references - colinked descriptors provide a theory and method for identifying search terms that, by hypothesis, will be superior to those entered initially by a searcher. The theory suggests a means of moving automatically from 2 or more initial search terms, to other terms that should be superior in retrieval performance to the 2 original terms. A research project designed to test this colinked descriptor hypothesis is reported. The results suggest that the approach is effective, although methodological problems in testing the idea are reported. Algorithms to generate colinked descriptors can be incorporated easily into system interfaces, front-end or pre-search systems, or help software, in any database that employs a thesaurus. The potential use of colinked descriptors is a strong argument for building richer and more complex thesauri that reflect as many legitimate links among descriptors as possible
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  17. Nielsen, M.L.: Future thesauri : what kind of conceptual knowledge do searchers need? (1998) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    For more than thirty years thesauri have been valuable tools in information retrieval. Originally, the basic function of the thesauri was to help the indexer to transform concepts and their relationships, as expressed in the language of documents, into the more regularised indexing language of catalogues and databases. In the nineties another important purpose of the thesauri is to guide the searcher to the best search terms. In spite of the new role, the design of the thesauri has remained more or less stable. This paper explores the demands which are put on the thesauri in relation to searching. Findings are presented in the form of generalisations and moreover illustrated in relation to a real-life situation. Suggestions for improved functionality are presented in the form of a prototype of a thesaurus record. The new role as a conceptual searching tool is also influencing the construction process. Therefore, the paper ends up with a discussion of new methods for thesaurus construction
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  18. Lopez-Huertas, M.J.: Thesaurus structure design : a conceptual approach for improved interaction (1997) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    The need for thesauri to help users in their search for information in online information systems has been discussed for several decades. Many wide-ranging contributions have been made to solve this problem. Nevertheless, investigation is needed to design a thesaurus structure based on what is relevant for users and generators of information within a specific subject domain. Explores the possibility of creating a thesaurus from the cognitive viewpoint. This approach is based on a system that organizes its representation of knowledge or its classification as closely as possible to the authors' and users' images of the subject domain with the objective of increasing the interaction between users and texts, and thus the communication in a given information retrieval system. Discourse analysis is used as a main method to identify the categories and its relevance for building such a structure is discussed
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  19. Cardillo, E.; Folino, A.; Taverniti, M.; Guarasci, R.: GoldThes: a faceted thesaurus for goldsmith handcraftsmanship in a regional context 0.06 
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    Abstract
    In industrialized countries, the rapidity of development has not taken into account the fact that it would be opportune to formalize "niche" knowledge. There is an ever-growing need for a written formalization of tacit knowledge. The aim of this activity consists in building specialized knowledge collections, which are useful to help and to guarantee the continuity of small and medium-sized business during successions, and to guarantee staff training related to specific practices. To reach this aim, this work presents the construction of a faceted thesaurus (GoldThes) for the domain of goldsmith handcraftsmanship, which tries to classify and organize a domain extracted from a regional context. The use of this kind of system demonstrated how classifying and organizing information into multi-dimensional hierarchies makes it more accessible than using a single taxonomy, that is a unique hierarchical dimension.
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  20. Garshol, L.M.: Metadata? Thesauri? Taxonomies? Topic Maps! : making sense of it all (2005) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    The task of an information architect is to create web sites where users can actually find the information they are looking for. As the ocean of information rises and leaves what we seek ever more deeply buried in what we don't seek, this discipline becomes ever more relevant. Information architecture involves many different aspects of web site creation and organization, but its principal tools are information organization techniques developed in other disciplines. Most of these techniques come from library science, such as thesauri, taxonomies, and faceted classification. Topic maps are a relative newcomer to this area and bring with them the promise of better-organized web sites, compared to what is possible with existing techniques. However, it is not generally understood how topic maps relate to the traditional techniques, and what advantages and disadvantages they have, compared to these techniques. The aim of this paper is to help build a better understanding of these issues.
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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