Search (29 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

Discusses copyright and electronic document delivery. However copyright is implemented legally, the principle of protecting an author's work remains the same. Offers collective management as a solution

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Abstract

All classifications are based on ideologies and Dewey is marked by its author's origins in 19th century North America. Subsequent revisions indicate changed ways of understanding the world. Section 157 (psycho-pathology) is now included with 616.89 (mental troubles), reflecting the move to a genetic-based approach. Table 5 (racial, ethnic and national groups) is however unchanged, despite changing views on such categorisation

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Abstract

Information research using keywords is largely ignored by readers but in medium sized libraries such as that of the City of Science and Industry (Paris), with a multimedia collection of some 200.000 documents, it is the most effective tool. The reader, however, needs guidance in using this technique, and in refining searches to reduce noise. Examples are given demonstrating how keyword searches can identify non-indexed material, documents in other languages, and collective authors

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Abstract

For a published item be searched it has to conform to certain standards such as the recognition of the author and his rights, the registration of copyright and editorial format allowing a rational use of the book and access within a classification scheme. Considers whether this should be applied to video film publishing. Relates the early stages of cinema and exclusive distribution in picture houses and examines the consequences of video publishing for individual viewers. Documentary consultation of films with authors' rights, voluntary registration and copyright deposit requirement is starting to come about. However, video publishing has not yet produced an editorial format to enable reasoned consultation of the published products

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Abstract

Account of the preliminary stages in the Bibliothèque National project to produce data from the national bibliography, the Bibliographie de France, on CD-ROM. The pilot disc was produced in collaboration with the British Library, using software developed by Online Computers, and tested out in 60 establishments in 1988. Results of this experiment showed up problems in installation, and user dissatisfaction with the indexing system, formats, headings, and instruction manual. Overall, however, user feedback indicated a good market for CD-ROM, as a complement to other sources of bibliographical data. The 1st full edition, with 380.000 records covering 1975-89, was produced in May 89, and a 2nd edition is scheduled for Oct 89. Discussions are currently in hand to develop European standards for CD-ROM, to be used by all national libraries.

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Abstract

If the current means of communication are considered to be essential tools for a democracy then it is a very different understanding of democracy to that of the ancient Greeks and claims that the information highways are not factors of democratization because they favour only those who have access to them. Emphasizes however that the Internet represents an enormous opportunity for librarians that they ignore at their peril in that it offers flexibility, instantaneity, affordability and knows no boundaries. Recommends that librarians and information specialists leran how communications technology can serve them while emphasizing that the information they require is frequently to be found in their own collections

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Abstract

Since publication in 1977 of the first version of UNIMARC, conceived as an international exchange format for countries using different forms of MARC, it has been widely adopted as a national format. In France the National Library (BNF) uses UNIMARC for its bibliographic records, though with some differences from the official IFLA version. This. together with promotion by central government, has led to adoption of UNIMARC by most libraries. A permanent committee manages the development of UNIMARC, introducing regular changes, updates and guidelines. The BNF, however, has recently introduced further modifications and is working on a UNIMARC version of the INTERMARC authority list, without consulting French libraries. The French Librarians Association is accordingsly promoting BNF collaboration with UNIMARC users on future developments

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Abstract

Contribution to the ongoing debate on the French subject headings list RAMEAU, which has been much criticised as time consuming and inflexible. Proposed technical solutions to recurring problems with complex syntax, strucutre of hierarchical and associative links, and rigity of language are discussed, in the context of computerised cataloguing and retrieval using OPACs. As a universal indexing language RAMEAU is more appropriate for medium sized specialised libraries and specialist researchers. However the 2 possible subject indexing techniques, linguistic treatment of whole text and thesaurus, are now beginning to be viewed as complementary approaches

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Abstract

Discusses the apparently unattainable goal of compatibility of information languages. While controlled languages can improve retrieval performance within a single system, they make cooperation across different systems more difficult. The Internet and downloading accentuate this adverse outcome and the acceleration of data exchange aggravates the problem of compatibility. Defines this familiar concept and demonstrates that coherence is just as necessary as it was for indexing languages, the proliferation of which has created confusion in grouped data banks. Describes 2 types of potential solutions, similar to those applied to automatic translation of natural languages: - harmonizing the information languages themselves, both difficult and expensive, or, the more flexible solution involving automatic harmonization of indexing formulae based on pre established concordance tables. However, structural incompatibilities between post coordinated languages and classifications may lead any harmonization tools up a blind alley, while the paths of a universal concordance model are rare and narrow

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Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Abstract

Die Welt der Dokumentation ist in den letzten Jahren in Bewegung geraten. Neben den Aufgaben der traditionellen Erwerbung, der Erfassung und der Bewahrung der Dokumente sind neue Aktionsfelder auf der Bildfläche erschienen; die Auswertung, die Retrokonversion und die Verbunfkataloge, die Datenbankabfrage und die Abfragemöglichkeiten für Benutzer, die Konzeption der Informationssysteme sowie die Expertenberatung. Neue Berufsfelder sind enstanden: Informationsvermittler und -berater

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RSWK

Information und Dokumentation / Methode (GBV)

Subject

Information und Dokumentation / Methode (GBV)

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Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Abstract

Since its appearance in the early 90's, the World Wide Web (WWW or Web) has provided universal access to knowledge and the world of information has been primarily witness to a great revolution (the digital revolution). It quickly became very popular, making it the largest and most comprehensive database and knowledge base thanks to the amount and diversity of data it contains. However, the considerable increase and evolution of these data raises important problems for users, in particular for accessing the documents most relevant to their search queries. In order to cope with this exponential explosion of data volume and facilitate their access by users, various models are offered by information retrieval systems (IRS) for the representation and retrieval of web documents. Traditional SRIs use simple keywords that are not semantically linked to index and retrieve these documents. This creates limitations in terms of the relevance and ease of exploration of results. To overcome these limitations, existing techniques enrich documents by integrating external keywords from different sources. However, these systems still suffer from limitations that are related to the exploitation techniques of these sources of enrichment. When the different sources are used so that they cannot be distinguished by the system, this limits the flexibility of the exploration models that can be applied to the results returned by this system. Users then feel lost to these results, and find themselves forced to filter them manually to select the relevant information. If they want to go further, they must reformulate and target their search queries even more until they reach the documents that best meet their expectations. In this way, even if the systems manage to find more relevant results, their presentation remains problematic. In order to target research to more user-specific information needs and improve the relevance and exploration of its research findings, advanced SRIs adopt different data personalization techniques that assume that current research of user is directly related to his profile and / or previous browsing / search experiences.
However, this assumption does not hold in all cases, the needs of the user evolve over time and can move away from his previous interests stored in his profile. In other cases, the user's profile may be misused to extract or infer new information needs. This problem is much more accentuated with ambiguous queries. When multiple POIs linked to a search query are identified in the user's profile, the system is unable to select the relevant data from that profile to respond to that request. This has a direct impact on the quality of the results provided to this user. In order to overcome some of these limitations, in this research thesis, we have been interested in the development of techniques aimed mainly at improving the relevance of the results of current SRIs and facilitating the exploration of major collections of documents. To do this, we propose a solution based on a new concept and model of indexing and information retrieval called multi-spaces projection. This proposal is based on the exploitation of different categories of semantic and social information that enrich the universe of document representation and search queries in several dimensions of interpretations. The originality of this representation is to be able to distinguish between the different interpretations used for the description and the search for documents. This gives a better visibility on the results returned and helps to provide a greater flexibility of search and exploration, giving the user the ability to navigate one or more views of data that interest him the most. In addition, the proposed multidimensional representation universes for document description and search query interpretation help to improve the relevance of the user's results by providing a diversity of research / exploration that helps meet his diverse needs and those of other different users. This study exploits different aspects that are related to the personalized search and aims to solve the problems caused by the evolution of the information needs of the user. Thus, when the profile of this user is used by our system, a technique is proposed and used to identify the interests most representative of his current needs in his profile. This technique is based on the combination of three influential factors, including the contextual, frequency and temporal factor of the data. The ability of users to interact, exchange ideas and opinions, and form social networks on the Web, has led systems to focus on the types of interactions these users have at the level of interaction between them as well as their social roles in the system. This social information is discussed and integrated into this research work. The impact and how they are integrated into the IR process are studied to improve the relevance of the results.

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Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus