-
Dailey, J.E.: Subject headings (1980)
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- Abstract
- Enthält Geschichte der Library of Congress Subject Headings und Sears' list
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
-
Library of Congress Subject Headings (1994)
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- Content
- Enthält 206.300 subject headings; Zuwachs des letzten Jahres: 8.000; alphabetische Liste aller früheren, nun nicht mehr gültigen headings (Earlier forms); umfangreiche Einleitung
- Footnote
- Vgl. auch Cataloging service bulletin. No.46(1989) S.65-66; ab 12th ed. 1989 jährliche Erscheinungsweise. - Neben Papierausgabe Mikrofiche und CD-ROM Ausgabe (CDMARC Subjects, $475,-; vgl. Demo-Diskette) mit jeweils vierteljährlicher Ergänzung. - Erste Ausgabe: 1911 'List of Subject Headings for use in dictionary catalogs'. Chicago: ALA 1911. - Vgl. zur Geschichte: Dailey, J.E. Subject headings in ELIS
-
Townley, H.M.; Gee, R.G.: Thesaurus-making : grow your own wordstock (1980)
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- LCSH
- Subject headings
- Subject
- Subject headings
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Sears' list of subject headings (2018)
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- Abstract
- The system is available both in print and online versions. Names a few new subject headings in areas like science, technology, engineering and medicine (STEM). In this edition, there are a total of 1,600 new headings making it a total of 12,000+ preferred headings meant for subject access in small and medium sized libraries. This unprecedented increase of about 1,600 headings is mostly due the complete incorporation of the Canadian Sears last published independently in 2006. Also critically examines inconsistencies in a few headings. Concludes to say the new edition in resplendent, hard binding maintains its stellar reputation of a handy list of general subject headings both for applications and a teaching resource.
- Footnote
- Introduction und Rez. in: Knowledge Organization 45(2018) no.8, S.712-714. u.d.T. "Satija, M. P. 2018: "The 22nd edition (2018) of the Sears List of Subject Headings: A brief introduction." (DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2018-8-712).
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
-
Encyclopædia Britannica 2003 (2002)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Spektrum der Wissenschaft 2003, H.7, S.95-96 (E. Reinecke): "Mehr als zweihundert Jahre lang stellte der Star unter den Nachschlagewerken, die Encyclopaedia Britannica, sich selbst als echt britischen Luxusartikel dar, obgleich sie schon seit den 1930er Jahren in Chicago produziert wird. Nicht nur die edle Ausstattung der Bände selbst beeindruckte den Kunden; auch der persönliche Besuch eines Lexikonvertreters vermittelte das Gefühl, hier einen besonderen Kauf zu tätigen. Der stolze Preis passte in diesen Rahmen: Schon die bescheidenste Ausgabe des Prachtwerks kostete über 3000 DM. Dann kam das Internet, und alles wurde anders. In Gestalt der Microsoft Encarta trat 1992 ein großmächtiger Konkurrent mit niedrigen Preisen auf. Sie konnte zwar die Qualität der ehrwürdigen »Britannica« nicht erreichen; doch wie in anderen Fällen siegte Masse über Klasse. 1996 hatten sich die Verkaufszahlen der »Britannica« halbiert, auch die Produktion einer eigenen CD-Rom-Version konnte die Talfahrt nicht mehr aufhalten. Sie endete noch im selben Jahr mit dem Verkauf des Traditionsunternehmens an einen Schweizer Investor. Für Computer- und Internetfans folgte eine Ära der Freude: Die neuen Eigentümer passten sich dem Trend der Zeit an und gaben den Verkauf über Vertreter zu Gunsten der digitalen Version auf. Wer zu diesem Zeitpunkt die Britannica erwerben wollte, mußte sich mit einer Scheibe zufrieden geben oder den Weg ins World Wide Web gehen. Im Internet waren die Artikel zunächst sogar umsonst zu haben. Heute werden drei verschiedene CDRom-/DVD-Versionen angeboten, und die Website der Encyclopxdia Britannica ist allseits bekannt und beliebt - allerdings nicht mehr kostenlos zugänglich. Wer mehr als Appetithäppchen will, muss sich auf ein Abonnement einlassen. Dieses ist schnell und einfach abgeschlossen; die Kundenfreundlichkeit der Site und ihrer Betreiber ist durchaus bemerkenswert. Nachdem die Entwicklung der elektronischen Britannica schon so weit vorangetrieben war, gab der Verlag 2002 wieder eine neue Devise aus: »Back to the roots«. Nach vier Jahren rein digitaler Vermarktung kommt eine überarbeitete Neuauflage in gedruckter Form auf den Markt. Nun kann der geneigte Leser sich wieder am Anblick von fast anderthalb Metern Buch erfreuen und trotzdem auf dem letzten Stand sein - zumindest kurzfristig. In der Darstellung des deutschen Vertreibers sind gar die CD-Rom-Versioneu nur noch eine »Ergänzung« zum »repräsentativen gedruckten Erzeugnis«. Was kann einen deutschen Leser bewegen, sich der Sprachhürde zum Trotz für die Encyclopxdia Britannica zu entscheiden - egal ob digital oder gedruckt? Der Umfang ist in der Tat beeindruckend. Allein der zwölfbändige erste Teil, die »Micropxdia«, enthält bereits die Stichwortartikel eines kompletten Lexikons. Das richtig tief gehende Wissen (»Knowledge in Depth«) steht in der 17 Bände umfassenden »Macropxdia«. Auf durchschnittlich zwanzig, gelegentlich bis zu 300 Seiten findet der Leser eine Art Überblicksvorlesung zu Themen wie »Telekommunikation«, »Algebra« oder »Die Schweiz«. So wird der Nachschlagende im besten Sinne zum Studierenden. Insgesamt kommen über 65 000 Artikel mit mehr als 24 000 Fotos, Karten und Illustrationen zusammen. Zur Erschließung dieser Fülle gibt es einen zweibändigen Index der Luxusklasse: mit 700 000 Einträgen, die zum Stich wort nicht nur Band und Seitenzahl, sondern auch die Spalte und die - obere oder untere - Spaltenhälfte nennen.
Der pädagogische Anspruch des Werkes zeigt sich am deutlichsten im »nullten Band«, der »Propaedia« oder »Outline of Knowledge«. Es handelt sich um nichts weniger als den Versuch, die Gesamtheit des menschlichen Wissens säuberlich in zehn große Schubladen zu sortieren, die wieder in Unter- und Unterunterschubladen (divisions und sections) eingeteilt sind. Eine division des großen Wissensgebiets »Human Life« ist zum Beispiel »Stabes in the Development of Human Life« mit den sections »Human Evolution« und »Human Heredity«. Letztere enthalten Empfehlungen zum Weiterlesen in Micro- und Macropeadia. Wie sieht es mit Aktualität und Detailreichtum des gedruckten Werkes aus? Zumindest dem Kandidaten von »Wer wird Millionär?«, der bei der Frage nach dem zweiten Vornamen der »Harry Potter«-Autorin Joanne K. Rowling sehr ins Schwitzen geriet, hätte das Werk geholfen. Die Dame heißt »Kathleen«. Joschka Fischer wird mit einer ausführlichen Biografie gewürdigt. Diese bekommt allerdings nicht jeder Besitzer des Werkes zu Gesicht: Sie befindet sich in einem der jedes Jahr zusätzlich aufgelegten Bände »Britannica Book of the Year« - in diesem Fall von 1996. Für den Hauptteil ist unser Außenminister offensichtlich noch nicht lange genug im Geschäft. Schwieriger wird es, wenn schon die Frage nicht ganz klar ist: »Apropros Alarmanlagen. War da nicht irgendwann einmal etwas mit Gänsen, die einen Überfall verhinderten?« Unter welchem Stichwort sollte man da schauen? Gänse? Historische Überfälle? Hier hilft die elektronische Version, die schon auf die Suchbegriffe »geese« und »warning system« die Geschichte vom nächtlichen Überfall der Gallier auf Rom im Jahre 390 v. Chr. liefert. Die Begeisterung über den Erfolg darf sich aber in Grenzen halten. Die Internet-Suchmaschine Google findet die Gänsegeschichte genauso schnell, sogar in wesentlich ausführlicherer Form, desgleichen den zweiten Vornamen von Frau Rowling. Und über Joschka Fischer findet man auf dessen eigener Website noch einiges mehr als nur seine Biografie. Macht also eine gute Suchmaschine das ganze Lexikon entbehrlich? Ich glaube nicht. Die Encyclopaedia beantwortet doch noch mehr Fragen als das Internet. Vor allem aber kann man den Antworten in (fast) jeder Hinsicht vertrauen. Für Recherchezwecke ist die gedruckte Form der »Britannica« der digitalen eindeutig unterlegen. Letztere wird immerhin vierteljährlich aktualisiert; außerdem bietet sie vielfältige Suchstrategien, zusätzliche Bilder, Videos, Animationen, den Online-Zugriff auf mehrere tausend Zeitschriftenartikel, Videoclips und Verweise auf Zigtausende von Websites, die eigens von den »Britannica«-Redakteuren ausgewählt wurden. Ist es also reine Nostalgie - vielleicht sogar Snobismus -, sich die Prachtbände ins Regal zu stellen? Vielleicht mag es ja Leute geben, die ganze Kapitel am Bildschirm lesen oder sich ausdrucken. Wenn es um Lernvergnügen und nicht nur um kurze Fakteninformation geht, dann ist für mich ein Buch in den meisten Fällen die bessere Wahl. Durch die pädagogische Sorgfalt der Redakteure fühlt sich der Leser eingeladen, sich einen Überblick über ganze Gebiete zu verschaffen und nicht nur schnelles Wissen abzugreifen. Wo ein Kapitel bis zu 300 Seiten lang sein kann, da ist die Buchform sehr willkommen. Und ganz ehrlich - ein bisschen Tradition und Nostalgie schadet nicht. Die Herausgeber pflegen diese Tradition auf besondere Weise. Unter http:// www.1911encyclopedia.org ist die Originalausgabe der »Britannica« von 1911 abzurufen - kostenlos."
-
Gilchrist, A.: ¬The thesaurus in retrieval (1971)
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- Classification
- AN 94200 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Thesauruskunde
- LCSH
- Subject headings
- RVK
- AN 94200 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Thesauruskunde
- Subject
- Subject headings
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Aitchison, J.; Gilchrist, A.: Thesaurus construction : a practical manual (1987)
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- LCSH
- Subject headings
- Subject
- Subject headings
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Satija, M.P.: ¬The sixteenth edition (1987) of the Sears' List of Subject Headings : some salient features in historical perspective of its Platinum Jubilee Year (1998) (1998)
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- Footnote
- Enthält eine Liste der 16 Auflagen der Sears' List mit den jeweiligen Herausgeberinnen / Herausgebern und Neuerungen
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
-
Lancaster, F.W.: Vocabulary control for information retrieval (1986)
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- Classification
- ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
- LCSH
- Subject headings
- RVK
- ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
- Subject
- Subject headings
-
Vasiljev, A.: Thesaurus project of the Delft University of Technology Library : Allgemeiner Thesaurus für Bibliotheken (1982)
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- Abstract
- Discussion of the results and consequences of the automation project named thesaurus/concordance project, carried out at the DUT Library. The aim of the project was, by making the subject headings and their corresponding classification codes machine readable, to produce periodically cumulative lists, classifies lists, lists per subject fields, alphabetical lists of inverted subheadings and geographical names with their corresponding main headings and notations
- Source
- Numerische und nicht-numerische Klassifikation zwischen Theorie und Praxis. Proc. der 5. Fachtagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Hofgeismar, 7.-10.4.1981. Hrsg.: Peter Ihm u.a
-
Stone, A.T.: ¬The LCSH century : a brief history of the Library of Congress Subject Headings, and introduction to the centennial essays (2000)
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- Abstract
- The history of the Library of Congress Subject Headings is traced, from its beginnings with the implementation of a dictionary catalog at the Library of Congress in 1898 to the present day. The author describes the most significant changes which have occurred in LCSH policies and practices during the 100-year period. Events noted near the end of the century indicate an increased willingness on the part of' the Library of Congress to involve the larger library community in the creation or revision of subject headings and other decision-making regarding the LCSH system. Finally, the author provides a summary of the other contributions to this collection of essays, a collection which celebrates the "centennial" of the world's most popular library subject heading language
- Content
- Mit einer Publikationsgeschichte der LCSH (vgl. Tabellen) und dazu gehörenden Publikationen
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
-
Heiner-Freiling, M.: Survey on subject heading languages used in national libraries and bibliographies (2000)
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- Abstract
- Surveys conducted during the last four years under the auspices of the International Federation of Library Associations and Organizations (IFLA) reveal that the Library of Congress Subject Headings is heavily used in national libraries outside of the United States, particularly in English-speaking countries. Many other countries report using a translation or adaptation of LCSH as their principal subject heading language. Magda Heiner-Freiling presents an analysis of the IFLA data, which also includes information on the classification schemes used by the libraries and whether or not the libraries have produced a manual on the creation and application of subject headings. The paper concludes with an Appendix showing the complete data from the 88 national libraries that respond to the surveys
- Content
- Mit einer tabellarischen Übersicht der eingesetzten Systeme und Regeln
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
-
Aitchison, J.; Gilchrist, A.; Bawden, D.: Thesaurus construction and use : a practical manual (1997)
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- LCSH
- Subject headings / Terminology
- Subject
- Subject headings / Terminology
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Olderr, S.: Olderr's fiction subject headings : a supplement and guide to the LC thesaurus (1991)
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- Content
- Enthält in einem Appendix A: 'Guidelines on subject access to individual works of fiction, drama, etc.' des American Library Association Subject Analysis Committee; und in einem Appendix B die Verfahrensweise der Library of Congress bei der Zuteilung von Library of Congress Subject Headings zur Schönen Literatur
-
Aitchison, J.; Gilchrist, A.; Bawden, D.: Thesaurus construction and use : a practical manual (2000)
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- LCSH
- Subject headings / Terminology
- Subject
- Subject headings / Terminology
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Coates, E.J.: Subject catalogues : headings and structure (1960)
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- Classification
- AN 75000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Sacherschließung in Bibliotheken / Allgemeines
- RVK
- AN 75000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Sacherschließung in Bibliotheken / Allgemeines
-
Russell, M.A.: Inconsistencies in subject headings in young adult resources (1991)
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- Abstract
- Compares language-related subject headings used in 'Sears list of subject headings' and 'Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH)'. Comments on the inconsistent application of subdivisions for the Spanish and French laguages and literature. Describes the results of a survey of student knowledge of subject headings
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
-
Jahns, Y.; Karg, H.: Translingual retrieval : Moving between vocabularies - MACS 2010 (2011)
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- Abstract
- Within the multilingual framework of the CrissCross project, MACS (Multilingual Access to Subjects) has continued its work. MACS has developed a prototype of mappings between three vocabularies: the LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings), RAMEAU (Répertoire d'autorité-matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifié) and the SWD (Schlagwortnormdatei). A database with a Link Management System (LMI), which allows for an easy linking between English, French and German subject headings, was created. The database started working with headings from the disciplines sports and theatre, but by now headings from all other fields of knowledge have been included as well. In 2008-2010, equivalencies between English and French headings which had been produced by the Bibliothèque nationale de France have been completed with the most important German SWD topical terms. Thus, more than 50.000 trilingual links are now available and can be used in different retrieval scenarios. It is planned to use them in The European Library (TEL) in order to support multilingual searches over all European National Library collections. The article informs about the project workflow, methodology of mapping and future applications of MACS links.
- Series
- Bibliotheca Academica - Reihe Informations- und Bibliothekswissenschaften; Bd. 1
-
Studwell, W.E.: LC's head in the sand, or, why the Subject Cataloging Manual is not enough (1993)
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- Footnote
- Bezugnahme auf: 'Subject cataloging manual: subject headings. 4th ed. Washington 1991' und Vorläufer
-
Hunter, E.J.; Bakewell, K.G.B.: Cataloguing (1991)
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- Abstract
- Eine Einführung in der Probleme der Formal- und Inhaltserschließung
- Content
- Revised to take account of the 1988 revision of AACR2, the publication of new ISBD texts, the changed format of LC subject headings and progress in computer applications
