Search (1492 results, page 4 of 75)

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Abstract

The Indiana University School of Library and Information Science opened a new research laboratory in January 2003; The Indiana University School of Library and Information Science Information Processing Laboratory [IU IP Lab]. The purpose of the new laboratory is to facilitate collaboration between scientists in the department in the areas of information retrieval (IR) and information visualization (IV) research. The lab has several areas of focus. These include grid and cluster computing, and a standard Java-based software platform to support plug and play research datasets, a selection of standard IR modules and standard IV algorithms. Future development includes software to enable researchers to contribute datasets, IR algorithms, and visualization algorithms into the standard environment. We decided early on to use OAI-PMH as a resource discovery tool because it is consistent with our mission.

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Abstract

It is widely believed that many queries submitted to search engines are inherently ambiguous (e.g., java and apple). However, few studies have tried to classify queries based on ambiguity and to answer "what the proportion of ambiguous queries is". This paper deals with these issues. First, we clarify the definition of ambiguous queries by constructing the taxonomy of queries from being ambiguous to specific. Second, we ask human annotators to manually classify queries. From manually labeled results, we observe that query ambiguity is to some extent predictable. Third, we propose a supervised learning approach to automatically identify ambiguous queries. Experimental results show that we can correctly identify 87% of labeled queries with the approach. Finally, by using our approach, we estimate that about 16% of queries in a real search log are ambiguous.

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Abstract

For introductory information retrieval courses at the undergraduate and graduate level in computer science, information science and computer engineering departments. Written by a leader in the field of information retrieval, Search Engines: Information Retrieval in Practice, is designed to give undergraduate students the understanding and tools they need to evaluate, compare and modify search engines. Coverage of the underlying IR and mathematical models reinforce key concepts. The book's numerous programming exercises make extensive use of Galago, a Java-based open source search engine. SUPPLEMENTS / Extensive lecture slides (in PDF and PPT format) / Solutions to selected end of chapter problems (Instructors only) / Test collections for exercises / Galago search engine

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Abstract

Medical insurance fraud is common in many countries' medical insurance systems and represents a serious threat to the insurance funds and the benefits of patients. In this paper, we present an inference model of medical insurance fraud detection, based on a medical detection domain ontology that incorporates the knowledge base provided by the Medical Terminology, NKIMed, and Chinese Library Classification systems. Through analyzing the behaviors of irregular and fraudulent medical services, we defined the scope of the medical domain ontology relevant to the task and built the ontology about medical sciences and medical service behaviors. The ontology then utilizes Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) and Java Expert System Shell (JESS) to detect medical irregularities and mine implicit knowledge. The system can be used to improve the management of medical insurance risks.

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Abstract

GOLDHORs challenge to librarianship to find invariant, universal relationships among library variables is discussed. Scientific problem solving is seen within the context of KUHNian science, and research in librarianship is consiedered as not having the characteristics of KUHNian science. The work of librarianship is analyzed as primariliy a discussion of values, or post hoc rationalization of event. It is concluded that library problem solving will not succeed until fundamental problems are addressed.

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Abstract

The Library of Congress' PREMARC file, conversion of which was completed in 1987, comprises approximately 5 million records from the Library's pre-1968 shelflist. The Libray has mounted a concerted effort to improve the quality of these records by a process of comparison with the Library's Official Catalog. The Library is contemplating conducting a market survey to ascertain whether there is interest in the community in having PREMARC records distributed.

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Abstract

Some people argure that hypertext is easy to write, is hard to create by converting existing text into hypertext, and has a massive market. This paper argures the contrary. First, Hypertext is hard to write. Second, automatically converting a text into hypertext is, to a first approximation, easy. Third, successful marketing of hypertext depends on having a large volume of material that is also available in paper form

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Abstract

Users having access only to the local information pools of an electronic library might miss relevant information. Intelligent gateways offer a chance to reduce this by extending the access to more information pools, reducing the access problem, reducing the problems of selection, and offering the information in a way users want. Gives an overview on the possibilities offered by intelligent gateways and explains how their functions could be integrated in the concept of the electronic library

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Abstract

Claims that there is no clear plan, comprehensive philosophy, or macro approach to the revision of Library of Congress Subject Headings. Having missed a great opportunity in the mid-1980s to develop a subject analog of AACR2, LC is now in a period of decline. Discusses alternatives to LC subject access such as PRECIS and keyword searching. Urges LC to halt and reverse the decline by bold, decisive action in the 1990s

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Abstract

Technical writers aim to determine with presision the knowledge base and needs of the intended audience. They must produce reader oriented syntax, leading them to understanding, while resisting false rhetoric but having the confidence to make the reader feel comfortable with the text. Establishing context is an essential element of success. Gives examples of techniques for establishing context, pointing and some pitfalls

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Abstract

Computer and communications technology is having a profound impact on libraries and the way in which they serve their users. Discusses online catalogues in libraries, the development of the Internet and OSI, and the development of search and retrieve (SR) protocols to allow standardized access to library catalogues across communications networks. Considers the deployment of SR protocols, problems with interoperability of clients and servers, interlibrary loan possibilities of SR protocols, and the feasibility of electronic document delivery

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Abstract

Presents evidence to suggest that the online world needs the bibliographic skills of librarians but that the term bibliographic control is likely to be associated specifically with libraries and liable to misinterpretation. Suggests that it may be time to start talking about information organization which may be described as having the following 4 aspects: making new information bearing entities known; acquiring such entities at certain points of accumulation; providing name, title and subject access to the entities; and providing for the physical location of copies. Urges librarians rapidly to adapt their skills to this increasing need for information organization

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Abstract

The Internet is having a great impact not only on how librarians work but on how they deal with the organizations and/or sources who provide the information. Examines problems associated with dealing with the Internet: how can relevant information be located; how can the quality of the source be validated; what costs are acceptable; and what resource is there if the information is defective. Offers advice on the use of the Internet

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Abstract

The General Purpose Utility Problem Solving (GPUPS) technique, developed at the Manufacturing Management Programme, School of Management, Sydney University of Technology, was applied by the library of a satellite campus of Sydney University of Technology, to solve the problem that it was having with periodic backlogs of books to be reshelved, associated with shortages of trolleys, limited floor storage area and minimal library staff to deal with the situation

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Abstract

After differentiating between external and internal bibliographic control, classification, as a method of internal bibliographic control of periodicals is discussed. In order to help decide whether or not to classify periodicals, the library of the University of Houston-Downtown conducted a short questionnaire survey of 33 state university libraries. Responses are analysed, advantages and disadvantages of having a classified periodical collection outlined, and it is suggested that, with the increasing popularity of library technology, periodicals need to be classified although opinion on how to display periodicals is mixed.

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Abstract

Reports on a study which aimed to determine the extent to which cataloguing can be reduced when cataloguing a book for a single screen minicat results from a search using the surname of the author of the book. The results show that the percentage of books having personal authors that are catalogued in a research library that will become entries in a 1 screen minicat is 35.6 when searched. Library could significantly reduce cataloguing expenditures by simplifying cataloguing nearly 2/5s of the time

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Abstract

The study explains the perceived differences in retrieval patterns between the on-line PAIS (Public Affairs Information Services) data base on DIALOG (File 49) and PAIS on CD-ROM. Describes the search strategies applied to the 2 data bases and the result obtained. Concludes that if users can bring to PAIS on CD-ROM search expertise gained elsewhere, then, in the Expert mode, having gained sufficient undestanding of specific search techniques and file structure, the motivated searcher can achieve results equivalent to the results of searching PAIS on DIALOG

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Abstract

Discusses different types of quality problems having their roots in the Internet and some possible solutions. Gives a provisional definition of WWW information quality. Presents some of the findings from an empirical survey of Danish academic and business users of the Internet. Concludes that only natural intelligence will be able to cope with the enormous task of filtering and distilling usable and useful information needles from the Internet haystack. Development of new and more efficient tools for the retrieval of quality information is extremely urgent

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Abstract

Describes the development of a Web Library Guide at Birmingham University, UK. Having developed a hypertext guide using Asymetrix Toolbook which gave guidance to users on the subjects and services available in the main library of the university, the information was repackaged for loading on to the WWW. Outlines the reasons for this move, explains the process of the transposition, and suggests future possibilities for the project

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Abstract

Considers cost and value issues of information, which are increasingly becoming the concern of a wide range of professions in addition to information and records managers. Explores a variety of ways of valuing information, 2 of which are based on its availability or proximity and the effect of possessing the information. Concludes that whilst putting a price or value on information is very difficult, there must be a value to it, as the effect of not having it can readily be observed