Search (1400 results, page 3 of 70)

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Abstract

An analysis of a sample of 9.442 headings assigned by the LoC to bibliographic records disclosed 2 types of invalid headings: those that were erroneous and those that were obsolete. Each type revealed recurring patterns. Errors and obsolete elements occuring in assigned heading involve MARC coding, terminology in main headings and subdivisions, application of subdivisions, and in mechanical elements such as punctuation and capitalization. Different headings (e.g. personal name, corporate name, topical, etc.) display different patterns as well as predominance of errors and obsoleteness. Although the overall error rate is low, an awareness and understanding of patterns of errors and obsolescnce in subject heading strings should contribute to improvement in subject heading assignment and subject authority control

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Abstract

Recognises the limitations of the existing files of Library of Congress name and subject authority records for indirect geographic subdivision. Makes recommendations for enhancements to existing authority records, which would enable online systems to assist in subject heading formulation and verify, with limited assistance by human intermediaries, whether geographic subdivision is authorized for use with a particular main heading and whether the correct form of indirect geographic subdivision is authorized for use with a particular main heading and whether the correct form of indirect geographic subdivision is given. A study of subdivided subject headings in a large bibliographic data base forms the basis of the recommendations

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Abstract

In reclassifying a Library and Information Science library from DDC to LC, an attempt was made to concentrate books with related subject headings on the shelf for maximum shelf retrieval even in cases where the Subject Authorities or C.I.P. assign them varying numbers. Most of the shelf concentration was achieved either by selecting a single number for a given heading and then classifying all books with the heading in that number or by replacing the standard LC number for a heading with one which placed it together with related books on the shelf.

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Abstract

This paper reviews Ranganathan's description of subject from mathematical angle. Ranganathan was highly influenced by Nineteenth Century mathematician George Cantor and he used the concept of infinity in developing an axiomatic interpretation of subject. Majority of library scientists interpreted the concept of subject merely as a term or descriptor or heading to include the same in cataloguing and subject indexing. Some library scientists interpreted subject on the basis of document, i.e. from the angle of the concept of aboutness or epistemological potential of the document etc. Some people explained subject from the viewpoint of social, cultural or socio-cultural process. Attempts were made to describe subject from epistemological viewpoint. But S R Ranganathan was the first to develop an axiomatic concept of subject on its own. He built up an independent idea of subject that is ubiquitously pervasive with human cognition process. To develop the basic foundation of subject, he used the mathematical concepts of infinity and infinitesimal and construed the set of subjects or universe of subjects as continuous infinite universe. The subject may also exist in extremely micro-form, which was termed as spot subject and analogized with point, which is dimensionless having only an existence. The influence of Twentieth Century physicist George Gamow on Ranganathan's thought has also been discussed.

Footnote

Beitrag in einem Themenheft zu Leben und Werk von S.R. Ranganathan.

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Abstract

This paper analyses the scholarly contribution of S R Ranganathan as reflected in Google Scholar Citations, Web of Science, and Scopus. This paper also identifies popularity of his published works, particularly which are highly referred by the researchers and LIS curriculum designers. His top three highly cited books are namely Prolegomena to Library Classification, The Five Laws of Library Science, and Colon Classification. His top three highly referred journal articles are titled "Hidden Roots of Classification", "Subject Heading and Facet Analysis", and "Colon Classification Edition 7 (1971): A Preview". This paper identifies the articles that cited his works extensively and got considerable citations from the other researchers. Top citing journal articles are namely "The Need for a Faceted Classification as the Basis of All Methods of Information Retrieval", "Ranganathan and the Net: Using Facet Analysis to Search and Organise the World Wide Web" and "Grounded Classification: Grounded Theory and Faceted Classification". These citing articles also indicate that Ranganathan is very relevant to today's researchers in interdisciplinary areas, particularly which belong to the fields of computer applications and information systems.

Footnote

Beitrag in einem Themenheft zu Leben und Werk von S.R. Ranganathan.

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Abstract

The online catalogue can provide the user with efficient and effective access through a variety of access points. New interests in subject heading is indicated. Keyword access and free text searching are considered alternatice methods. An investigation is suggested into the symbiotic relationship between classification and subject heading

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Abstract

This paper recognizes the limitations of the existing file of Library of Congress authority records for subject heading assignment and validation. It makes recommendations for a new machine-readable file of authority records for topical subdivisions and for enhancements to the existing subject authority file. The recommended changes qould enable online systems to assist in subject heading formulation and verify, with limited assistance by human intermediaries, the individual components of subdivided headings. A study of subdivided subject headings in a large bibliographic database forms the basis of the recommendations

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Abstract

In the past, there has seemed to be a stubbornness on the part of the Library of Congress to update ethnic and racial, as well as sexual and medical subject headings. Delaying change can frustrate users of today's online and card catalogues. Reviews changes that have occured over the last 20 years and shows how library catalogues can be updated, or at least rendered more useful. Shows how automation can enhance, as well as prevent, subject heading updating

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Abstract

Discusses the work of the Section on Classification and Indexing, covering the working group on principles underlying subject heading languages; a state of the art survey of subject heading systems; requirements for a format for classification data; DDC edition 20; open programs at the Istanbul conference; the section newsletter; and cooperative projects

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Abstract

A system based authority control system was essential to support OCLC's large database and the number and diversity of its users. The authority control system had to be able to (1) identify nonidentical heading entries in bibliographic records of the same name, geographic place, or subject, and (2) maintain a link from the erroneous form of the heading to the valid form (i.e. cross reference). Over 3.6 million headings have been corrected as part of these efforts

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Abstract

Eastern Europe is a complex area for which there are not adequate Library of Congress subject heading period subdivisions. This article offers additional period subdivisions, with justifications, for all the countries and some regions of Eastern Europe, excluding the Soviet Union. Covered are: Europe, Eastern; Czechoslovakia (and three regions); Germany (East); Hungary; Poland; Galicia; Balkan Peninsula; Albania; Bulgaria; Romania; and Yugoslavia (and six regions).

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Abstract

In the present environment of database searching, the research library user who is familiar with the concept of keyword searching with Boolean logic capabilities very often uses this same strategy in the online catalog rather than looking up the established form of the heading listed in 'Library of Congress Subject Headings' and 'Library of Congress Name Authorities'. Questions that needed to be addressed were: does keyword searching provide a satisfactory substitute for searching by the authorized heading, and what kind of service or disservice do libraries to their users when keyword searching is the only strategy tried? This study determined how many of of the nonauthorized headings listed as cross references in an authority system could be found in the bibliographic record. It also examined the necessity for truncation of the keyword terms derived from the nonauthorized heading. A weighted system measured the frequency with which individual MARC fields provided matches for the keywords. The results of this study lead to recommendations for maximizing search strategies

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Abstract

Work in establishing interoperability between Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) in Europe is fairly recent and much work is still needed before users can successfully conduct subject searches across information resources in European libraries. Over the last 25 years many subject heading lists were created or developed from existing ones. Obstacles for effective interoperability have been progressively lifted which has paved the way for interoperability projects to achieve some encouraging results. This paper will look at interoperability approaches in the area of subject indexing tools and will present a short overview of the development of European SHLs. It will then look at the conditions necessary for effective and comprehensive interoperability using the method of linking subject headings, as used by the »Multilingual Access to Subject Headings project« (MACS).

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Abstract

This report presents the results of desk-top based study of projects and initiatives in the area of linking and mapping subject tools. While its goal is to provide areas of further study for cross-language subject access in the European Library, and specifically the national libraries of the Ten New Member States, it is not restricted to cross-language mappings since some of the tools used to create links across thesauri or subject headings in the same language may also be appropriate for cross-language mapping. Tools reviewed have been selected to represent a variety of approaches (e.g. subject heading to subject heading, thesaurus to thesaurus, classification to subject heading) reflecting the variety of subject access tools in use in the European Library. The results show that there is no single solution that would be appropriate for all libraries but that parts of several initiatives may be applicable on a technical, organisational or content level.

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Abstract

Sears List of Subject Headings (Miller and McCarthy 2010), first published in 1923, is now in its 20th edition. Like most subject headings lists, apart from being a list of preferred (and non-preferred) headings, it also provides patterns, clear instructions, and examples for coining new subject headings not explicitly listed. Key headings form a vital part of the system of coining new headings. It is proposed that more key headings should be designated. Some candidate headings are described. One far-reaching provision seems to be the use of a subdivision of a preferred heading with all of its NTs. Thus, every preferred heading is a potential key heading for all of its NTs. This proposal works on the principle that what is true of a class is true of its narrower classes of all types. Applying this principle will enormously enhance the capacity of the List without adding even an iota to its text and size.